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对立教宗：修订间差异

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[[File:Antipope.png]] An '''antipope''' is a rival claimant to the [[Papacy]] and to the bishopric of Rome.
[[File:Antipope.png]] An '''antipope''' is a rival claimant to the [[Papacy]] and to the bishopric of Rome.


Their title is simply "Pope" (not only because they claim to be the true pope; historically, it can be hard to distinguish between legitimate popes and antipopes). An antipope has two of the powers that popes have: [[excommunication]] and [[taxation]].
他们的头衔就是“教宗”（不仅因为他们自称真正的教宗；而且在历史上，很难区分合法教宗和对立教宗）。一位对立教宗有教宗所拥有的两种权力：[[ 绝罚]] 和[[ 经济|征税]] 。


==Creation==
== 创建 ==


Secular rulers can appoint a vassal bishop as an '''antipope''', if:
世俗统治者可以任命一位封臣主教为“对立教宗”，如果：
*the ruler is independent and at least duke tier.
* 统治者独立并且至少公爵级别
*the ruler can spend 500 Prestige
* 统治者能够花费500威望
*the bishop is at least count [[tier]]
* 主教至少伯爵[[ 封臣|级别]]
*the bishop is not subject to Papal [[Investiture]] crown law <!-- (kings must pass Free Investiture in the relevant kingdom, while independent dukes are usually okay) -->
* 主教不受王权法中教宗[[ 神职叙任权]] 的管束 <!-- (kings must pass Free Investiture in the relevant kingdom, while independent dukes are usually okay) -->
*the bishop likes the ruler more than the pope
* 相比教宗，主教更喜欢统治者
*the true pope is not the ruler's vassal
* 真正的教宗不是统治者的封臣
*the religion does not have the "Deposed an Antipope" modifier to [[moral authority]] (Modifier is applied upon successful [[Casus Belli#Depose Antipope|Depose Antipope]] war and lasts 50 years)
* 该宗教的[[ 宗教权威]] 没有“废黜了对立教宗”修正（修正用于成功进行[[ 宣战理由# 废黜对立教宗| 废黜对立教宗]] 战争并且持续50年）


To appoint a bishop as antipope, go to the Religion tab ({{key press|F9}}) and click the hat button [[File:Antipope.png]] next to the bishop.
为了任命一位主教为对立教宗，前往宗教界面（{{key press|F9}} ）并且点击该主教旁边的帽子按钮 [[File:Antipope.png]] 。


==Benefits==
== 效益 ==


There are several benefits for the ruler:
统治者会得到几类好处：
*Every bishop in the realm of the antipope's controller will get the "Head of Religion" [[opinion]] bonus of +30 towards the antipope rather than the real pope.
* 位于对立教宗控制者国家内的每一位主教将获得对于对立教宗的“宗教领袖”+30[[ 好感]] 加成，而不是对真正的教宗。
*Every bishop that prefers the antipope over the proper pope and their liege will pay their [[taxes]] to the antipope.
* 所有相比正统教宗和他们领主，更喜欢对立教宗的主教将向对立教宗支付[[ 税收]] 。
*Antipope controller can request excommunication of anyone in their realm
* 对立教宗控制者可以要求绝罚他们国家内的任何人。
*The pope cannot [[Excommunication|excommunicate]] the controller of the antipope or his/her vassals (conversely, the antipope cannot excommunicate those loyal to the pope, or to another antipope).
* 教宗不能[[ 绝罚]] 教宗控制者或他/ 她的封臣（相反地，对立教宗不能绝罚忠于教宗或其他对立教宗的角色）。
*Allows emperors to vassalise the Papacy, by pressing the antipope's claim. Once successful, the emperor will be protected from hostile papal actions, as a vassal pope cannot carry out such actions against his liege.
* 允许皇帝通过索取对立教宗的宣称来附庸教廷。一旦成功，皇帝将不会遭受敌对的教宗行动，因为附庸教宗不能针对他的领主执行这些行动。
*As it is often easier to please an antipope, {{icon|hf}}[[coronation]] requests from antipopes are usually more acceptable than those from the Roman pope.
* 因为讨好对立教宗通常更容易，来自对立教宗的 {{icon|hf}} [[ 加冕]] 要求比起罗马教宗的要求通常更易接受。


==Risks==
== 风险 ==


*Rulers who prefer the pope in Rome have a Depose Antipope [[casus belli]] against any controller of an antipope.
* 更喜欢罗马教宗的统治者将有一个针对任何对立教宗控制者的“废黜对立教宗”的[[ 宣战理由]] 。
**The Roman pope often joins any "depose antipope" wars on the side of the attacker.
** 罗马教宗通常会加入所有“废黜对立教宗”战争的进攻一方。
**{{icon|HF}} The Roman pope may ask other rulers to declare Depose Antipope wars on you (as a [[coronation]] request)
**{{icon|HF}} 罗马教宗可能要求其他统治者发起针对你的废黜对立教宗战争（作为[[ 加冕]] 要求）
*A vassal can form an Antiking faction to install a claimant to your primary title, institute Papal Investiture, and depose the antipope.
* 封臣能够成立一个对立君主派系来安排一位针对你主头衔的宣称者，实行教宗神职神职叙任权，并且废黜对立教宗。
*Each existing antipope reduces the [[Moral authority]] of the Catholic church by 30%; the penalty on [[moral authority]] may favor the spread of heresies and make it harder to convert provinces.
* 每存在一位对立教宗减少30%的天主教教会[[ 宗教权威]] ；对于[[ 宗教权威]] 的惩罚可能加快异端传播速度并且使得更能转变省份信仰。
*Once any antipope is deposed, another antipope cannot be established for 50 years.
* 一旦有任何一位对立教宗被废黜，50年内其他对立教宗不能被创建。


==Pushing an antipope's claim==
== 索取对立教宗的宣称 ==


The appointer can press the antipope's claim upon the Papacy through war. Since [[Patch 2.0]], rulers loyal to the current Pope may join the war.
任命者可以通过战争向教廷索取对立教宗的宣称。自[[Patch 2.0]] 起，忠于当前教宗的统治者可能会加入战争。


If successful:
如果成功：
*the antipope becomes the new head of the Catholic church. The ex-pope will become an antipope with no successor, and the split in the church will be mended after his death.
* 对立教宗成为天主教会的新领袖。前教宗将成为没有继任者的对立教宗，他死后教会的分裂将会弥合。
*new pope gets a +100 relations modifier towards the former appointer.
* 新教宗获得对于前任命者的+100 好感修正。
*should the ruler pressing the claim be an emperor, the pope will become a king-tier vassal.
* 如果索取宣称的统治者是皇帝，教宗将成为国王级别的封臣。
** Vassal popes collect taxes from many Catholic bishops, passing along a portion depending on how you tax vassal theocracies. However, [[Opinion#Effects_on_vassal_duties|a vassal pope will stop paying taxes entirely if his opinion drops below 0]].
** Vassal popes collect taxes from many Catholic bishops, passing along a portion depending on how you tax vassal theocracies. However, [[Opinion#Effects_on_vassal_duties|a vassal pope will stop paying taxes entirely if his opinion drops below 0]].
** Vassal popes are likely to accept favor requests (excommunication, claims, ...).
** 附庸教宗更可能批准请求（绝罚，宣称，……）。


Technically, being an antipope is equivalent to having a claim on the papacy. Bugs have been known in which children of popes have inherited claims and therefore appeared as antipopes.
Technically, being an antipope is equivalent to having a claim on the papacy. Bugs have been known in which children of popes have inherited claims and therefore appeared as antipopes.


== Using your antipope ==
== 使用你的对立教宗  ==


Your pope will accept most papal requests from you, leaving you with only the piety cost and the relations penalty. You can now request claims on counties and duchies, even outside your realm if you successfully press your pope's claim.  You can also excommunicate someone you want to imprison, plot against, or steal courtiers from (using "invite to court").
  你的教宗将批准来自你的大部分请求，只需花费虔诚并且有关系惩罚。你现在可以宣称省份和公国，如果你成功索取你的教宗的宣称，甚至可以是国外的土地。You can also excommunicate someone you want to imprison, plot against, or steal courtiers from (using "invite to court").


An antipope can be a major asset if the current pope doesn't like you, and you have political enemies with high enough piety, and good enough graces with the pope, to get you {{iconify|excommunicated}}.
An antipope can be a major asset if the current pope doesn't like you, and you have political enemies with high enough piety, and good enough graces with the pope, to get you {{iconify|excommunicated}}.

2019年10月9日 (三) 12:51的版本


Antipope.png An antipope is a rival claimant to the Papacy and to the bishopric of Rome.

他们的头衔就是“教宗”（不仅因为他们自称真正的教宗；而且在历史上，很难区分合法教宗和对立教宗）。一位对立教宗有教宗所拥有的两种权力：绝罚和征税。

创建

世俗统治者可以任命一位封臣主教为“对立教宗”，如果：

  • 统治者独立并且至少公爵级别
  • 统治者能够花费500威望
  • 主教至少伯爵级别
  • 主教不受王权法中教宗神职叙任权的管束
  • 相比教宗，主教更喜欢统治者
  • 真正的教宗不是统治者的封臣
  • 该宗教的宗教权威没有“废黜了对立教宗”修正（修正用于成功进行废黜对立教宗战争并且持续50年）

为了任命一位主教为对立教宗，前往宗教界面（F9）并且点击该主教旁边的帽子按钮 Antipope.png。

效益

统治者会得到几类好处：

  • 位于对立教宗控制者国家内的每一位主教将获得对于对立教宗的“宗教领袖”+30好感加成，而不是对真正的教宗。
  • 所有相比正统教宗和他们领主，更喜欢对立教宗的主教将向对立教宗支付税收。
  • 对立教宗控制者可以要求绝罚他们国家内的任何人。
  • 教宗不能绝罚教宗控制者或他/她的封臣（相反地，对立教宗不能绝罚忠于教宗或其他对立教宗的角色）。
  • 允许皇帝通过索取对立教宗的宣称来附庸教廷。一旦成功，皇帝将不会遭受敌对的教宗行动，因为附庸教宗不能针对他的领主执行这些行动。
  • 因为讨好对立教宗通常更容易，来自对立教宗的 Holy Fury.png 加冕要求比起罗马教宗的要求通常更易接受。

风险

  • 更喜欢罗马教宗的统治者将有一个针对任何对立教宗控制者的“废黜对立教宗”的宣战理由。
    • 罗马教宗通常会加入所有“废黜对立教宗”战争的进攻一方。
    • Holy Fury.png 罗马教宗可能要求其他统治者发起针对你的废黜对立教宗战争（作为加冕要求）
  • 封臣能够成立一个对立君主派系来安排一位针对你主头衔的宣称者，实行教宗神职神职叙任权，并且废黜对立教宗。
  • 每存在一位对立教宗减少30%的天主教教会宗教权威；对于宗教权威的惩罚可能加快异端传播速度并且使得更能转变省份信仰。
  • 一旦有任何一位对立教宗被废黜，50年内其他对立教宗不能被创建。

索取对立教宗的宣称

任命者可以通过战争向教廷索取对立教宗的宣称。自Patch 2.0起，忠于当前教宗的统治者可能会加入战争。

如果成功：

  • 对立教宗成为天主教会的新领袖。前教宗将成为没有继任者的对立教宗，他死后教会的分裂将会弥合。
  • 新教宗获得对于前任命者的+100好感修正。
  • 如果索取宣称的统治者是皇帝，教宗将成为国王级别的封臣。

Technically, being an antipope is equivalent to having a claim on the papacy. Bugs have been known in which children of popes have inherited claims and therefore appeared as antipopes.

使用你的对立教宗

你的教宗将批准来自你的大部分请求，只需花费虔诚并且有关系惩罚。你现在可以宣称省份和公国，如果你成功索取你的教宗的宣称，甚至可以是国外的土地。You can also excommunicate someone you want to imprison, plot against, or steal courtiers from (using "invite to court").

An antipope can be a major asset if the current pope doesn't like you, and you have political enemies with high enough piety, and good enough graces with the pope, to get you Excommunicated.png.

Note that while a vassal pope will always agree to your requests, they will still charge double piety and request investiture law change if you're using free investiture, and incur the normal opinion penalties if you overuse his services. Also, at negative opinion, a vassal pope will simply not pay taxes instead of a gradual reduction. (Granted, this is still a tolerable scenario, considering the fact that wealth is not leaving the realm, but remaining in the pope's hands to be used at his discretion.) Remember that even if you do not use a vassal pope's services, you'll be protected from hostile actions (e.g. excommunication) simply by being the pope's liege. With Holy Fury.pngHoly Fury, a vassalized Pope may ask for independence as a request for a coronation. To counter this, set the realm's Investiture Laws to "Free" so that the Pope can request for a law change rather than independence.

Maximizing taxation

To collect lots of taxes, even from outside of your realm, pick a pope who will be loved by bishops:

  • High piety (+1 opinion per 25 piety, up to +20 opinion at 500 piety)
    • Zealous.png, Celibate.png, Chaste.png, Humble.png, Content.png.
  • High church opinion
    • Zealous.png, Celibate.png, Chaste.png, Temperate.png, Charitable.png, Crusader.png
  • Positive "same trait" opinion
    • Most of the above, plus Diligent.png, Kind.png, Brave.png, Gregarious.png, and lifestyle traits.
  • High diplomacy
  • Lowborn, for a +5 "same dynasty" opinion from most bishops

You can increase the piety of your pope by granting him multiple bishoprics, making him a flank leader in battles against religious enemies, and appointing him as court chaplain.

If you give your pope prince-bishopric or higher, he can:

  • Have bishops as vassals, for additional piety
  • Have a chancellor, for improved state diplomacy
    • You can help him get a good one by matrilineally marrying a potential chancellor into his court, or giving him one as a vassal.
  • Choose the "Theology" focus, for +20 church opinion
    • Most likely to choose Theology if: Zealous.png, Mystic.png
    • More likely to choose (Theology or Scholarship) if: theology education (any level), Patient.png, Content.png, Craven.png
  • Benefit from "Dynasty controls Catholic" and "Dynasty controls <holy order>" (+1 piety and +2 prestige per month, each)

You can also interfere with the effectiveness of your rival in the Vatican:

  • Murder an effective pope.
  • Murder an effective cardinal, especially a preferatus.
  • Fill the College of Cardinals with men who would be ineffective popes. Note that bishops in your realm cannot become cardinals once you have an antipope.
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