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宣称：修订间差异

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Having a claim to a title means you've got a justification for it being yours. '''Claims''' are used as [[Casus Belli]] for [[Warfare|war]], and less frequently as a justification for [[title revocation]].
对一个头衔拥有宣称意味着你有理由拥有它。{{N|宣称|Claim}}被用作[[ 战争]] 的[[ 宣战理由]] ，而且有时可以作为[[ 剥夺头衔]] 的理由。


==Types of claims ==
== 宣称类型==
Claims come in two varieties, weak and strong. The difference between a strong and a weak claim can be determined by the graphics, and mousing over a claim will indicate whether it will currently be inherited.
宣称有两种，弱宣称和强宣称。强弱宣称的不同可以根据图形判断，而鼠标悬停在一个宣称上将表明它当前是否会被继承。


A holder of either type of claim is eligible to have their claim pressed by a [[Factions|faction]], and also automatically qualifies as a potential candidate under Feudal Elective [[succession]]. Lieges with either type of claim on a title may revoke that title from a vassal without incurring [[tyranny]].
任一类型宣称的持有者都有资格通过[[ 派系]] 索取他们的宣称，并且自动地获得封建选举[[ 继承|继承法]] 下的潜在候选人。对某一个头衔拥有任一类型宣称的领主可以从一位封臣处剥夺此头衔，不会招致[[ 暴政]] 。


===[[File:Strong claim.png]] Strong Claims===
===[[File:Strong claim.png]] 强宣称 ===


Strong claims are, as the name implies, the more useful type of claim. A strong claim can be pushed against anyone by almost anyone. There are two exceptions:
强宣称，顾名思义，是更有用的宣称类型。几乎所有人都可以对任何人索取强宣称。有两个例外：
# You cannot push a woman's claim on a title that uses Agnatic [[Succession Law|succession law]]. (If you are female, however, you may press your personal claims regardless of the title's succession law.)
# 你不能向一个使用男性[[ 继承法]] 的头衔索取一位女性的宣称。（然而，如果你是女性，你可以不顾头衔的继承法，索取你的个人宣称。）
# The claims of female Muslims can't be pressed, not even if they are your personal claims. Only if the woman converts to a non-Islamic religion, or (in case of inheritable claims) after her sons inherit the claims, can they be used at all.
# 不能索取伊斯兰教女性的宣称，即使它们是你的个人宣称。只有该女性转变为一个非伊斯兰宗教或（假设是可继承宣称）在她的儿子继承宣称后，它们可以完全被使用。


With strong claims, it becomes possible for rulers to usurp duchies and kingdoms from a character in the same realm, provided the title is not the same rank or higher ranked than their liege's. Characters who are rulers and hold multiple strong claims may push all of them in the same war.
拥有强宣称，统治者能够从国内一位角色处篡夺公国或王国，只要此头衔和领主的头衔不是同等级或更高。持有多个强宣称的统治者可以在同一场战争中索取全部强宣称。


===[[File:Weak claim.png]] Weak Claims===
拥有 {{icon|hf}} 神圣之怒，拥有强宣称的部落民可以为了部落头衔和持有者决斗，如果两人都独立或者属于同一国家。


A weak claim can only be pushed if:
===[[File:Weak claim.png]] 弱宣称===
* the title holder is female and the claimant is male (except with Full [[Status of Women]] or gender equality game rule)
* the title holder is in [[regency]] (due to [[imprisonment]], incapability, youth, pilgrimage, or [[Assassination#Going into hiding|in hiding]])
* the title is currently contested in another war
* or claimant is 2nd or 3rd in line to the title.


== Generation of claims ==
弱宣称仅可以在以下情况下使用:
* 该头衔拥有者为女性但宣称者为男性 (除非有完全女性地位法律或性别平等游戏规则)。
* 该头衔拥有者处于[[摄政]]期间 (比如[[逮捕]], 无能，未成年, 朝圣, 或 [[刺杀#去往藏匿处|藏匿中]])。
* 该头衔处于其他宣称战争中。
* 宣称者为第二，三顺位继承人。


When a title holder dies, the second and third in line get strong claims, and other children get weak claims. Exceptions include:
== 获得宣称 ==
* Under [[feudal elective]] succession, the second and third in line only get weak claims.
* Under [[gavelkind]] succession, the primary heir does not get claims on titles that are passed to junior heirs who become vassals.
* Theocracies, republics, and merchant republics do not generate claims. <!-- This does seem to be controlled by government rather than by succession law. For example, sons of ex-doges (with normal republic government and residual Seniority succession) do not get claims, while sons of holy order grandmasters do get claims. -->


Claims can also be generated by:
当一个头衔持有者去世或退位后, 第二至六个位于顺位继承人列表中的孩子会得到强宣称，其他孩子会得到弱宣称，以下几种情况例外:
* 在[[选举君主制]]下, 所有觊觎者只有弱宣称
* 在[[均分继承法]]下, 已成为封臣的主要继承人们不会得到任何宣称
* 神权国和共和国没有宣称。<!-- This does seem to be controlled by government rather than by succession law. For example, sons of ex-doges (with normal republic government and residual Seniority succession) do not get claims, while sons of holy order grandmasters do get claims. -->
 
宣称可以通过这些途径获得:


{|class="wikitable"
{|class="wikitable"
! Method !! Type of claim
! 方法 !! 宣称种类 !! 头衔
|-
|-
| [[Chancellor]] mission to Fabricate Claim || Strong, uninheritable claim
| [[ 外交总管]] 的伪造宣称任务 || 强且不可继承宣称 || 伯爵（有高能力外交总管和满足其他条件时，有机会获得更高头衔的宣称）
|-
|-
| [[Plot]] to Forge Claim || Strong, inheritable claim
| 夺取宣称[[ 阴谋]] || 强且可继承宣称 || 领主头衔或同僚头衔
|-
|-
| [[Religious head#Papal favors|Request claim from Pope]] || Strong, uninheritable claim
| [[ 宗教领袖#Papal favors| 向教宗请求宣称权]] || 强且可继承宣称 || 伯爵或公爵
|-
|-
| Lost title through war, [[usurp|peaceful usurpation]], or folding to claimant faction || Strong, inheritable claim
| 通过战争，[[ 头衔行为#篡夺| 和平篡夺]] ，向宣称派系屈服而失去的头衔 || 强且可继承宣称 || 
|-
|-
| Abdicated due to [[banishment]], fleeing [[arrest]], being [[Papal succession|elected Pope]], or losing [[Casus_Belli#Overthrow_ruler|Overthrow Ruler]] war || Strong, inheritable claim
| 因为[[ 驱逐]] ，逃脱[[ 逮捕]] ，被[[ 教宗选任法| 选举为教宗]] ，或输掉[[ 宣战理由# 推翻领主| 推翻领主]] 战争而失去的头衔 || 强且可继承宣称 || 持有的所有头衔
|-
|-
| Title was destroyed upon becoming landless (even through revocation) || Strong, inheritable claim
| 无地（甚至通过剥夺头衔）后头衔被摧毁 || 强且可继承宣称 || 公爵+
|-
|-
| Lost title to liege who "emergency usurped" the vassal county upon losing their last county <!-- shown as "usurped" in a popup notification but as "revoked" in title history --> || Strong, inheritable claim
| 领主丢失最后的省份后“紧急篡夺”封臣省份而失去的头衔 <!-- shown as "usurped" in a popup notification but as "revoked" in title history --> || 强且可继承宣称 ||
|-
|-
| Lost title to liege who [[title revocation|revoked the title]] || Weak, inheritable claim
| 领主[[ 剥夺头衔]] 而失去的头衔 || 弱且可继承宣称 || 被剥夺的头衔
|-
|-
| Lost control of direct vassal title when vassal gained a higher title <!--  (e.g. due to [[Succession#Inheritance_Conflict|inheritance conflict]], liege [[Diplomatic_actions#Grant_landed_title|grant]], or claim war) --> || Strong, inheritable claim
| 当封臣获得一个更高头衔而失去对直属封臣头衔的控制 <!--  (e.g. due to [[Succession#Inheritance_Conflict|inheritance conflict]], liege [[Diplomatic_actions#Grant_landed_title|grant]], or claim war) --> || 强且可继承宣称 ||
|-
|-
| Lost control of direct vassal title through independence war || Strong, inheritable claim
| 因为独立战争而失去对直属封臣头衔的控制 || 强且可继承宣称 || 获得独立的封臣之中拥有的最高头衔
|-
|-
| Lost control of direct vassal title through independence faction war or ultimatum || Weak, inheritable claim
| 因为独立派系战争或最后通牒而失去对直属封臣头衔的控制 || 弱且可继承宣称 ||
|-
|-
| [[Viceroy]] became independent (grant independence or during rebellion) || Strong, uninheritable claim
| [[ 总督]] 独立（准许独立或叛乱）|| 强且不可继承宣称 || 所有总督头衔<sup>{{Red|?}}</sup>
|-
|-
| Inherited from previous claimant || Weak, uninheritable claim
| 从以前的宣称者处继承 || 弱且可继承宣称 ||
|}
|}


It is also possible to lose titles without getting a claim. For example, losing a county due to [[nomad agitation]] when the top liege dies does not generate claims.
也有可能失去头衔后没有宣称。例如，在最高领主去世后因为[[ 游牧民骚动]] 失去省份，不会产生宣称。


== Pressing a claim ==
== 索取宣称 ==


A claim is "pressed" when war is declared using that claim as a [[Casus Belli|casus belli]]. Pressing a claim "renews" it, ensuring that it will be inherited by the claim holder's children. Even if the war ends in white peace or inconclusively, the claim remains pressed. It is sometimes useful to press a claim of a courtier and then get white peace or murder the courtier. In both cases, the courtier's children - belonging to your dynasty, perhaps - will inherit the claim.
当使用宣称作为[[ 宣战理由]] 时，一个宣称被“索取”。索取宣称会“续接”它，确保它将被宣称持有者的孩子继承。即使战争以无条件和平或无结果终止。有时索取一位廷臣的宣称，之后无条件和平或刺杀此位廷臣会很有用。两种情况下，此位廷臣的孩子——可能属于你的家族——将继承宣称。


Multiple strong claims against a single opponent may be pressed in a single war, but only if they're all held by the attacker; you can only push a single claim by someone else at a time.
多个针对一位对手的强宣称可在一场战争中索取，但只在它们都被进攻方持有时可行；一次只能索取一个他人的宣称。


== Finding claimants ==
== 查找宣称者 ==


When viewing a title, clicking the "show claimants" button will display a list of all claim holders, together with an icon indicating whether they will accept an invitation to your court. Note that this display does not distinguish between strong and weak claimants, nor does it show characters who will get claims upon the deaths of their parents but do not presently have them. To find potential claimants, try looking at the family tree of the dynasty that holds the title.
查看头衔时，点击“宣称者”按钮将列出所有宣称持有者，同时有图标显示他们是否将接受前往你的宫廷的邀请。注意其不会区别显示强弱宣称者，也不会显示当前没有宣称，但父母去世后将获得宣称的角色。为了查找潜在宣称者，尝试查看头衔的继承顺位。


== Impact of claims on AI ==
== 宣称对AI的影响 ==
Your AI vassals with claims on one of your titles will have a lower [[opinion]] of you. Additionally, the AI is much more reluctant to release a [[prisoner]] with a claim on their title. AI rulers will not let you take a [[concubine]] who has a claim on ''any'' title.
  对你的头衔有宣称的AI封臣将对你有低[[ 好感]] 。除此之外，AI更不愿意释放一位对他们头衔有宣称的[[ 逮捕|囚犯]] 。AI统治者不会让你纳娶对'' 任何'' 头衔有宣称的[[一夫多妻制|妾]]。


== See also ==
== 另见 ==


* [[Casus Belli#Claim wars]]
* [[ 宣战理由# 宣称战争]]
* [[Expanding your realm#Gaining claimants]]
* [[ 扩张你的领地# 获得宣称者]]


[[Category:War]]
[[Category:War]]
{{WarNavbox}}
{{WarNavbox}}

2020年6月12日 (五) 17:30的最新版本

对一个头衔拥有宣称意味着你有理由拥有它。宣称（英文：Claim）被用作战争的宣战理由，而且有时可以作为剥夺头衔的理由。

宣称类型

宣称有两种，弱宣称和强宣称。强弱宣称的不同可以根据图形判断，而鼠标悬停在一个宣称上将表明它当前是否会被继承。

任一类型宣称的持有者都有资格通过派系索取他们的宣称，并且自动地获得封建选举继承法下的潜在候选人。对某一个头衔拥有任一类型宣称的领主可以从一位封臣处剥夺此头衔，不会招致暴政。

Strong claim.png 强宣称

强宣称，顾名思义，是更有用的宣称类型。几乎所有人都可以对任何人索取强宣称。有两个例外：

  1. 你不能向一个使用男性继承法的头衔索取一位女性的宣称。（然而，如果你是女性，你可以不顾头衔的继承法，索取你的个人宣称。）
  2. 不能索取伊斯兰教女性的宣称，即使它们是你的个人宣称。只有该女性转变为一个非伊斯兰宗教或（假设是可继承宣称）在她的儿子继承宣称后，它们可以完全被使用。

拥有强宣称，统治者能够从国内一位角色处篡夺公国或王国，只要此头衔和领主的头衔不是同等级或更高。持有多个强宣称的统治者可以在同一场战争中索取全部强宣称。

拥有 Holy Fury.png 神圣之怒，拥有强宣称的部落民可以为了部落头衔和持有者决斗，如果两人都独立或者属于同一国家。

Weak claim.png 弱宣称

弱宣称仅可以在以下情况下使用:

  • 该头衔拥有者为女性但宣称者为男性 (除非有完全女性地位法律或性别平等游戏规则)。
  • 该头衔拥有者处于摄政期间 (比如逮捕, 无能，未成年, 朝圣, 或 藏匿中)。
  • 该头衔处于其他宣称战争中。
  • 宣称者为第二，三顺位继承人。

获得宣称

当一个头衔持有者去世或退位后, 第二至六个位于顺位继承人列表中的孩子会得到强宣称，其他孩子会得到弱宣称，以下几种情况例外:

  • 在选举君主制下, 所有觊觎者只有弱宣称
  • 在均分继承法下, 已成为封臣的主要继承人们不会得到任何宣称
  • 神权国和共和国没有宣称。

宣称可以通过这些途径获得:

方法 宣称种类 头衔
外交总管的伪造宣称任务 强且不可继承宣称 伯爵（有高能力外交总管和满足其他条件时，有机会获得更高头衔的宣称）
夺取宣称阴谋 强且可继承宣称 领主头衔或同僚头衔
向教宗请求宣称权 强且可继承宣称 伯爵或公爵
通过战争，和平篡夺，向宣称派系屈服而失去的头衔 强且可继承宣称
因为驱逐，逃脱逮捕，被选举为教宗，或输掉推翻领主战争而失去的头衔 强且可继承宣称 持有的所有头衔
无地（甚至通过剥夺头衔）后头衔被摧毁 强且可继承宣称 公爵+
领主丢失最后的省份后“紧急篡夺”封臣省份而失去的头衔 强且可继承宣称
领主剥夺头衔而失去的头衔 弱且可继承宣称 被剥夺的头衔
当封臣获得一个更高头衔而失去对直属封臣头衔的控制 强且可继承宣称
因为独立战争而失去对直属封臣头衔的控制 强且可继承宣称 获得独立的封臣之中拥有的最高头衔
因为独立派系战争或最后通牒而失去对直属封臣头衔的控制 弱且可继承宣称
总督独立（准许独立或叛乱） 强且不可继承宣称 所有总督头衔?
从以前的宣称者处继承 弱且可继承宣称

也有可能失去头衔后没有宣称。例如，在最高领主去世后因为游牧民骚动失去省份，不会产生宣称。

索取宣称

当使用宣称作为宣战理由时，一个宣称被“索取”。索取宣称会“续接”它，确保它将被宣称持有者的孩子继承。即使战争以无条件和平或无结果终止。有时索取一位廷臣的宣称，之后无条件和平或刺杀此位廷臣会很有用。两种情况下，此位廷臣的孩子——可能属于你的家族——将继承宣称。

多个针对一位对手的强宣称可在一场战争中索取，但只在它们都被进攻方持有时可行；一次只能索取一个他人的宣称。

查找宣称者

查看头衔时，点击“宣称者”按钮将列出所有宣称持有者，同时有图标显示他们是否将接受前往你的宫廷的邀请。注意其不会区别显示强弱宣称者，也不会显示当前没有宣称，但父母去世后将获得宣称的角色。为了查找潜在宣称者，尝试查看头衔的继承顺位。

宣称对AI的影响

对你的头衔有宣称的AI封臣将对你有低好感。除此之外，AI更不愿意释放一位对他们头衔有宣称的囚犯。AI统治者不会让你纳娶对任何头衔有宣称的妾。

另见

战争 
军队 征召兵 • 近卫军 • 雇佣兵 • 骑士团 • 事件部队 • 游牧军 • 冒险家
战斗 战斗 • 作战战术 • 指挥官 • 劫掠
概念 同盟 • 宣战理由 • 宣称 • 十字军、吉哈德和大圣战 • 派系 • 损耗