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{{version|2.8}}

[[File:Alert_focus.png|Focus|link=]] A ''focus'' defines the general development objective of a [[character]]. If the {{icon|wol}}[[Way of Life]] DLC is active, adults can choose a ''long-term effort'' among ten focuses (two for each [[attribute]]).

[[File:Foci.jpg|thumb|right|Choose focus screen (v.2.8)]]

By choosing a focus, a ruler:
* Gets an immediate boost to the corresponding [[attribute]];
* Unlocks related [[event]]s, diplomatic actions or [[decision]]s;
* May eventually receive a [[Traits#Lifestyle|lifestyle trait]];
* Gets additional [[ambition events|random events to improve the corresponding attribute if it is below 8]].

==Focuses==

All playable [[character]]s can have a focus, if adult (16+ years-old) and not {{iconify|Incapable}}. Imprisoned characters can only choose [[File:Seduction_focus.png|Seduction|link=]] ''Seduction,'' [[File:Scholarship_focus.png|Scholarship|link=]] ''Scholarship,'' or [[File:Theology_focus.png|Theology|link=]] Theology. Other restrictions are noted below.

After five years, it is possible to switch to another focus. This can be useful once the player has exhausted the main benefits of a focus, or if they want to collect positive [[traits]] and character modifiers from multiple focuses.

AI [[characters]] choose their focus based on [[traits]] and [[government]] type, instead of needs. They rarely change focus after selecting one.

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! style="width: 24px" |
!Focus
!Requirements
!Modifiers
!Traits & effects
|-id="Rulership"
|[[File:Rulership_focus.png]]
!Rulership
| -
| +3 stewardship
| 
* Random events include:
** Opportunity to build a [[castle]] for only 400g (actual cost may vary... might even fail, have a [[Council#Positions|Steward]] with more than 5 Stewardship to get a better chance of good result)
** {{iconify|Stressed}} or {{iconify|Depressed}}
** Some other not so important events (A peasant accused of murder, Noble feud between two vassals, A vassal's farm fire, A witch find in demesne, Drunkard vassal, City frigands)
* On success in events, chance to:
** Gain {{iconify|Just}}, {{iconify|Diligent}}, or {{iconify|Ambitious}}
** Lose {{iconify|Arbitrary}}, {{iconify|Slothful}}, or {{iconify|Content}}
** Level up stewardship education trait
** Progress toward {{iconify|Administrator}} (+3 stewardship, +10% movement speed) lifestyle trait
|-id="Business"
|[[File:Business_focus.png]]
![[WOL Business Events|Business]]
| -
| +2 stewardship <br/>
+20 republic vassal opinion
|
*Occasionally starts a Mint Coin event chain.
*Occasionally starts a Trading event chain.
**Establishing a trade route gives a chance to level up stewardship education trait
*{{iconify|Architect}} (+2 Stewardship, +1 Martial, +20% Siege)  or {{iconify|Gardener}} (+2 Stewardship, +1 Learning) lifestyle trait
*{{iconify|Stressed}}
|-id="Seduction"
|[[File:Seduction_focus.png]]
![[Seduction]]
|
*Not {{iconify|celibate}}
*Not {{iconify|monk}}
*Not {{iconify|nun}}
*Not [[Indian religions|Indian]] ascetic
| +2 intrigue <br/>
+25% fertility <br/>
+10 sex appeal
|
*Enables ''[[Seduction#Targeted seduction|Seduce]]'' action to improve opinion, tumble, and/or become lover
*Additional random events, including one for women to escape from prison
*On success in events, chance to:
**Level up intrigue education
**Gain {{iconify|Lustful}} or lose {{iconify|Chaste}}
**Gain ''Court Tomcat'' or ''Court Vixen'' (+1 intrigue, +10 sex appeal)
**Level up to ''Aspiring Seducer'', then ''Seducer'' (further improving sex appeal)
***Choice to level up to 
****{{iconify|Master seductress}} or {{iconify|Master seducer}} (+2 intrigue, +1 Diplomacy, +50 sex appeal)
****{{iconify|Hedonist}} (+2 Diplomacy, +1 intrigue, +20% fertility)
|-id="Intrigue"
|[[File:Intrigue_focus.png]]
![[Intrigue focus|Intrigue]]
| -
| +3 intrigue<br>+5% plot power
| 
*Enables ''[[Intrigue focus#Spy on|Spy On]]'' action, to discover plots or other imprisonment reasons
*Enables ''[[Intrigue focus#Free from captivity|Free from Captivity]]'' action
*On success in events, chance to:
** Level up intrigue education
** Gain {{iconify|Deceitful}} (or lose {{iconify|Honest}})
** Level up to ''Amateur Schemer'', then ''Schemer''
**Choice between
*** Level up to {{iconify|Master schemer}} (+3 intrigue)  lifestyle trait  
*** {{iconify|Impaler}}  (+2 intrigue, +1 learning, +10% Morale Offense) lifestyle trait
|-id="Hunting"
|[[File:Hunting_focus.png]]
!Hunting
|Not {{iconify|Jain}}
| +2 martial <br/>
+1 health
|
*Enables [[Decisions#Minor|''Go on a Grand Hunt'']] [[File:Decision icon hunting.png]].
*Moderate yearly chance to start an Epic Hunt
*{{iconify|Hunter}} (+2 Martial, +1 Diplomacy, +20% battlefield Pursuit) lifestyle trait
*Lose or gain {{iconify|Stressed}}
*Gain {{iconify|Brawny}} or lose {{iconify|Frail}}/{{iconify|Weak}} 
|-id="War"
|[[File:War_focus.png]]
![[War focus|War]]
| -
| +3 martial<br>+10 personal combat skill
|
* Lets you [[War focus#Challenging opponents to duel|challenge characters to duel]]
** Valid targets are rivals, foes, excommunicated characters, and decadent characters
** Lose a duel may result in {{iconify|Wounded}} or even {{iconify|Maimed}}
* By random training events or winning a duel, chance to:
** Gain {{iconify|Wroth}} (or lose {{iconify|Patient}})
** Gain {{iconify|Brave}} (or lose {{iconify|Craven}})
** Gain {{iconify|Brawny}} (or lose {{iconify|Weak}} and {{iconify|Frail}})
** Progress toward {{iconify|Duelist}} lifestyle trait
* Progress toward {{iconify|Strategist}} lifestyle trait by winning random war game event
* Random chances to level up martial education
* Random opportunities to gain leadership traits and/or teach them to your commanders
* Choice between
** {{iconify|Duelist}} (+3 Martial, +30 Personal combat skill) lifestyle trait  
** {{iconify|Strategist}} (+2 Martial, +1 Stewardship, +20% Defense) lifestyle trait
|-id="Carousing"
|[[File:Carousing_focus.png]]
![[Carousing]]
|If [[Muslim]], must be one of:
*{{iconify|decadent}}
*{{iconify|hedonist}}
*{{iconify|drunkard}}
| +3 diplomacy
|
*Enables ''Invite to Carousing'' action, letting you [[Carousing#Hosting a party|host private parties]].
**Form friendships, sleep with guests
**Lose {{iconify|Stressed}} or {{iconify|Depressed}}
**Various character modifiers that increase diplomacy or opinion
**Choice between
***{{iconify|Hedonist}} (+2 Diplomacy, +1 Intrigue, +20% Fertility) lifestyle trait
***{{iconify|Socializer}} (+3 Diplomacy, +10 Sex appeal opinion) lifestyle trait
***{{iconify|Game Master}} (+2 Diplomacy, +1 Martial, +30% battlefield Narrow Flank) lifestyle trait

|-id="Family"
|[[File:Family_focus.png]]
![[Family focus|Family]]
| -
| +2 diplomacy <br/>
+1 health <br/>
+25% fertility
| 
* Improve relationship and possibly become lovers:
** With spouse
* Improve relationship and possibly create a [[friendship]]:
** With sibling
** Between two close dynasty members
** Between two minor children
* Improve relationship only:
** With parent
** With child
* On success in events, chance to:
** Level up diplomacy education trait
** Gain {{iconify|proud}} (or lose {{iconify|humble}})
** Level up to ''Family Man/Woman'', then ''Family Patriarch/Matriarch''
** Choice between:
*** {{iconify|Socializer}} (+3 Diplomacy, +10 Sex appeal opinion) lifestyle trait
*** {{iconify|Game Master}} (+2 Diplomacy, +1 Martial, +30% battlefield Narrow Flank) lifestyle trait
|-id="Scholarship"
|[[File:Scholarship_focus.png]]
! [[Scholarship]]
| -
| +3 learning
| 
*Tech point events are more frequent (e.g. spymaster study technology)
*Enables decision to [[Scholarship#Build an observatory|Build an observatory]] [[File:Decision icon build observatory.png]], which can give:
**{{iconify|Deceitful}}, {{iconify|Diligent}}, {{iconify|Stressed}}, +1 learning
** Choice between:
*** ''Stars'': military tech points, {{iconify|Cynical}}, {{iconify|Zealous}}, {{iconify|Brave}}, and {{iconify|Scholar}} lifestyle trait (+3 Learning)
*** ''Weird'': cultural tech points, {{iconify|Paranoid}}, {{iconify|Lunatic}}, and {{iconify|Mystic}} lifestyle trait (+2 Learning, +1 Stewardship) 
|-id="Theology"
|[[File:Theology_focus.png]]
!Theology
| -
| +2 learning <br/>
+20 church opinion<br/>
+1 Health
|
*Lets Christians and Dharmans ''[[Decisions#Go on Pilgrimage|Go on a Pilgrimage]]'' [[File:Decision icon catholic pilgrimage.png]]:
** {{iconify|Pilgrim}} trait
** 2-3 random events that can give other traits, mostly positive
*From rare random events:
** Choice to become {{iconify|Zealous}} (including a hidden choice by visiting a controlled holy site)
** Choice to become {{iconify|Cynical}}
** Choice to gain [[Traits#Sympathy for other religious groups|Sympathy]] for the religion group of a random infidel in your realm
** Choice to gain {{iconify|Theologian}} lifestyle trait (+2 Learning, +1 Intrigue)
** Lose {{iconify|Stressed}} or {{iconify|Depressed}}
* Return from religious seclusion to be a better person. Choose between losing any of the following traits: {{iconify|Gluttonous}}, {{iconify|Slothful}}, {{iconify|Drunkard}}, {{iconify|Lustful}}, {{iconify|Chaste}} (not for Christians or Dharmans), {{iconify|Syphilitic}}, {{iconify|Lunatic}} (with risk of becoming {{iconify|Possessed}}), and with [[Game_rules#Supernatural_Events|supernatural events enabled]], even {{iconify|Blinded}} or {{iconify|Leper}}. Some choices also give piety or chances of becoming {{iconify|Temperate}} or {{iconify|Diligent}}.
|-
|}

== Collectible character modifiers ==

You can only have 1 lifestyle trait, and personality traits often disappear once you have more than 6. Character modifiers, in contrast, can be collected in large numbers.

Many focuses feature a ''level up'' mechanic, in which you first gain character modifiers, and then have the opportunity to gain a lifestyle trait.

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! style="width: 24px" |
!Focus
!Long-duration modifiers
!Opportunities
|-
|[[File:Rulership_focus.png]]
!Rulership
|
*Levels:
**''Amateur Steward'' (+1 stewardship)
** ''Steward'' (+2 stewardship)
** {{iconify|Administrator}} (+3 stewardship)
*By becoming {{iconify|Administrator}}, can also get:
**''Respected Ruler'' (+10 vassal opinion), with 8 stewardship
**''Legendary Wisdom'' (+1 monthly prestige), with 12 stewardship
** ''Great Raja Dharma'' (+2 stewardship), if {{iconify|Jain}}
*Province modifier ''Quarry'' decreases construction cost for 80 years
| 
*Random
*It helps to have many direct vassals, because some events have vassal requirements:
** A drunkard vassal
** Two vassals who hate each other
** A burgher and a non-burgher
*''Respected Ruler'' and ''Legendary Wisdom'' do not require continued Rulership focus.
|-
|[[File:Business_focus.png]]
!Business
|
*Levels: 
** ''Aspiring Trader'' (+1 stewardship)
** ''Trader'' (+2 stewardship)
** {{iconify|Gardener}} (+2 stewardship, +1 learning)
** or {{iconify|Architect}} (+2 stewardship, +1 martial)
*Tower:
** ''Great Tower'' (+1 monthly prestige and +5 general opinion)
** Province modifier ''leaning_tower'' (city_tax_modifier = 0.15)
*Maze: 
** ''Fountain'', ''Extravagant Fountain'' (+.5 or +1 monthly prestige)
** ''Pavilion'' (+3 general opinion)
** ''Magnificent maze'' (+1 diplomacy)
** ''Aspiring Gardener'' (+1 stewardship) - can upgrade to {{iconify|Gardener}}, separate from Level progression
*Trading:
** ''Business Contacts'' (+10 town opinion)
** Province modifier ''Trade Route'' (increased tax for tribes, cities, and castles)
|
*Random
**With MTTH 2 years, an event chain is picked from among the ones you are eligible for
**Tower or Maze chains will not be picked if you already have a lifestyle trait
**Tower and Maze chains are mutually exclusive, completing one disables the other
**Tower is not available to tribal or nomadic rulers
*Must not be leading troops
|-
|[[File:Seduction_focus.png]]
![[Seduction]]
|
* Levels: 
** ''Aspiring Seducer'' (+15 sex appeal)
** ''Seducer'' (+30 sex appeal) 
** {{iconify|Master seducer}} or {{iconify|Master seductress}} (+2 intrigue, +1 diplomacy, +50 sex appeal)
* Random
** ''Bodyguard lover'' (+1 martial and +10% plot discovery chance)
** ''Maidservant Lover'' (+1 intrigue and +10% plot discovery chance)
* On success, e.g. in targeted seduction:
** ''Court Vixen'' or ''Court Tomcat'' (+1 intrigue, +10 sex appeal)
|
*For opinion boosts: seduce characters who are lustful and have unattractive genetic traits
*For tumble attempts: seduce characters with a clear [[Seduction#Kitchen meeting|kitchen-meeting]] strategy
*To be safe if you ''leave a note'': don't seduce unlanded spouses of rulers
|-
|[[File:Intrigue_focus.png]]
![[Intrigue focus|Intrigue]]
| 
*Levels: 
** ''Amateur Schemer'' (+1 intrigue)
** ''Schemer'' (+2 intrigue)
** {{iconify|Master schemer}} (+3 intrigue)
|
*Mostly from success in Spy On action
**See [[Intrigue focus#Strategies]]
|-
|[[File:Hunting_focus.png]]
!Hunting
|
*From ''Going on a Grand Hunt'' [[File:Decision icon hunting.png]]:
** ...
*From epic hunt:
**''The white <animal> eludes me...'' (+1 martial)
**''Master hunter'' (+1 martial, +0.1 monthly prestige)
**{{iconify|Hunter}} (+2 martial, +1 diplomacy)
*From pet dog:
**''Pet hunting dog'' (+1 health, +1 diplomacy)
** Training your dog removes {{iconify|Frail}}, adds {{iconify|Diligent}}, or adds 1 health
** If {{iconify|lunatic}} on death of dog, allows constructing Pyramid in capital (-5% revolt risk)
|
*Grand hunt:
** Must be male
** Must be Christian or Pagan
** You can do 2-3 hunts per season.
*Epic hunt:
** Random opportunities
** White [stag, bear, tiger, or lion] depending on location
*Pet dog:
** Random
** Training your dog does not require continued Hunting focus
** You only train the dog once, so if you want the extra health, become diligent first
|-
|[[File:War_focus.png]]
![[War focus|War]]
|
* Duelist levels:
** ''Warrior'' (+1 martial, +10 personal combat skill)
** ''Great Warrior'' (+2 martial, +20 personal combat skill) 
** {{iconify|Duelist}} (+3 martial, +30 personal combat skill)
* Strategist levels: (can get character modifiers after gain the lifestyle trait)
** ''Student of Strategy'' (+1 martial)
** ''Adept of Strategy'' (+1 martial, +1 stewardship) 
** {{iconify|Strategist}} (+2 martial, +1 stewardship)
|
*Chance when you win duels and in random events
*Must be at peace to duel
*Can progress toward {{iconify|Strategist}} through war game random event chain
|-
|[[File:Carousing_focus.png]]
![[Carousing]]
|
*Carousing levels:
** ''Carouser'' (+1 diplomacy)
** ''Dedicated Carouser'' (+2 diplomacy)
** {{iconify|Hedonist}} (+2 diplomacy, +1 intrigue) or {{iconify|Socializer}} (+3 diplomacy)
*Gaming levels: 
** ''Apprentice Boardgamer'' (+1 diplomacy)
** {{iconify|Game Master}} (+2 diplomacy, +1 martial).

|
*You level up in carousing each time you host a party
*To make gaming more likely, invite a {{iconify|Game Master}} as a guest
*Must be at peace to carouse
|-
|[[File:Family_focus.png]]
![[Family focus|Family]]
| 
*Levels: (can get character modifiers after gain the lifestyle trait)
** ''Family Man/Woman'' (+10% fertility)
** ''Family Patriarch/Matriarch'' (+1 diplomacy, +20% fertility, +5 church opinion)
** {{iconify|Socializer}} (+3 Diplomacy, +10 Sex appeal opinion) or {{iconify|Game Master}} (+2 Diplomacy, +1 Martial, +30% battlefield Narrow Flank)
|
Chance on success in focus events:
*It helps to have a family large enough that you have a valid target (or pair) for each event:
**Sibling; parent; child; spouse; 2 minor children; 2 adult relatives
*{{iconify|Kind}} helps in many events
*Seduction level helps in spouse event
|-
|[[File:Scholarship_focus.png]]
! [[Scholarship]]
| 
*''Studying the Stars'' (+1 learning) if you cancel the focus
*''Heliocentrist Scholar'' (+2 learning) or {{iconify|Scholar}} (+3 learning)
*''Weird Scholar'' (+1 learning, +1 stewardship) or {{iconify|Mystic}} (+2 learning, +1 stewardship)
|
From [[Scholarship#Build an observatory|building an observatory]] [[File:Decision icon build observatory.png]]
|-
|[[File:Theology_focus.png]]
!Theology
|
<!-- *''Ancient Wisdom'' (+1 learning) only lasts 3 years -->
*Levels:
**''Religious Studies'' (+1 learning)
**''Religious Philosopher'' (+2 learning)
**{{iconify|Theologian}} (+2 learning, +1 intrigue)
*Christians can also collect the special {{iconify|Pilgrim}} [[Traits#Christian|trait]]
|Random
|}

==Strategies==
===能力值和特质的养成策略===
* 优先提升角色短板能力，因为所选野心的事件可以提高你的基础能力值
* 磨练你角色的长处以获得议会席位
* 调整生活重心以提高你的教育水平（例如，外交能力对应家庭和宴会、密谋能力对应勾引和阴谋、财政能力对应统治和商业）

===Managing traits===
Focuses are a fairly easy way to gain positive traits and lose negative or less desirable ones:
*Lose {{iconify|Arbitrary}} and gain {{iconify|Diligent}}, {{iconify|Ambitious}} and {{iconify|Just}} from Rulership
*Gain {{iconify|Greedy}} from Business
*Lose {{iconify|Chaste}} and gain {{iconify|Lustful}} from [[Seduction]]
*Lose {{iconify|Honest}} and gain {{iconify|Deceitful}} from [[Intrigue]]
*Gain {{iconify|Diligent}} or +1 health and lose {{iconify|Stressed}} and {{iconify|Depressed}} from Hunting
*Gain {{iconify|Brawny}} and {{iconify|Brave}} from [[War focus|War]]
*Lose {{iconify|Stressed}} and {{iconify|Depressed}} from [[Carousing]]
*Gain {{iconify|Diligent}}, {{iconify|Brave}}, {{iconify|Cynical}}, {{iconify|Zealous}} or {{iconify|Paranoid}} from [[Scholarship]]
*Gain {{iconify|Pilgrim}} from Theology

However, some focuses can also cause characters to gain negative traits; remember that gaining a trait which is "opposite" of one which you currently have will remove the current trait as well.

===Choose your lifestyle trait carefully===
* {{iconify|Master seducer}} or {{iconify|Master seductress}}, if you want a very large family. Compared to the level-2 character modifier, it gives +20 sex appeal and a special bedding option.
* {{iconify|Master schemer}}, if spying is crucial to your strategy. Compared to the level-2 character modifier, it makes spying significantly faster.
* {{iconify|Administrator}}, if your stewardship is 8 or higher, and you want the +10 vassal opinion

===Consider ''Business'' before getting a lifestyle trait===
The ''Business'' focus tower and maze events give great character modifiers, but can only fire if you do not have a lifestyle trait. Note that these event chains can get very expensive if your income is high.

===Choose complementary leadership & lifestyle traits===
* {{iconify|Administrator}} stacks with {{iconify|Organizer}}.
* {{iconify|Architect}} stacks with {{iconify|Siege leader}}.
* {{iconify|Game master}} stacks with {{iconify|Narrow flank leader}}. 
* Most combat specializations go well with {{iconify|Strategist}} (+20% defense) or {{iconify|Hunter}} (+20% pursuit).

===Change focus depending on your needs===
* ''Troops'': War gets you demesne levies. Seduction helps form NAPs and Carousing helps turn NAPs into alliances. Intrigue gets you faction members.
* ''Cash'': Business lets you invest in potentially lucrative opportunities. War gets you loot. Intrigue gets you ransoms.
* ''Vassal opinion'': Carousing (+100 from friendships), Rulership (+20 from {{iconify|Just}}, {{iconify|Diligent}}, respected ruler), Business (+8 from tower and pavilion), War (+10 from {{iconify|Brave}}, {{iconify|Brawny}}), Scholarship (+10 from {{iconify|Brave}}, {{iconify|Diligent}}, and possibly more), Theology (+5 from {{iconify|Pilgrim}} for Christians). Even Intrigue helps, by giving +3 realm opinion per rank of prisoner released for 30 months, or by letting you replace your vassals.

===Use a sequence of focuses to improve your [[health]]===

* ''Seduction'' to improve health in many ways
** Establish affairs with kind/diligent characters: if you are not getting along with your wife, lovers can invite you to a getaway. This gives you +1 health for 1 year, and perhaps more importantly, can remove stressed/depressed. The event will trigger more often if you have many lovers, if your lovers are {{iconify|kind}}, and if your lovers are {{iconify|diligent}}.
** Establish affairs with old/dying characters: can find a Lover's Memento (+0.5 health), if you have ''[[The Reaper's Due]]''
** Establish rivalries with jealous husbands, if you plan to duel while using the War focus
** Establish a large family, so your [[Court Physician]] can more easily gain the {{iconify|Renowned Physician}} trait and the "received professional praise" opinion modifier
* ''War'' or ''Hunting'' for chance of {{iconify|Brawny}} [[Traits#Non-inheritable|trait]]; Hunting can help lose {{iconify|Frail}}/ {{iconify|Weak}}
** More chances if you duel, at the risk of {{iconify|Wounded}} or {{iconify|Maimed}}
** Best in or near the Byzantine empire, where there are many blind characters: they are unlikely to win duels.
* ''Scholarship'' and/or ''Rulership'' risks {{iconify|Stressed}} (additional risk for {{iconify|Depressed}} for Rulership), but can allow you to pick up {{iconify|Diligent}} and other great traits.
* ''Carousing'' if you still need to de-stress yourself (or your relatives)
* ''Hunting'' at old age (+1 health while focus is active, +1 health for dog's lifespan, +1 health permanently for training dog while diligent)

===Avoid peacetime focuses when war is likely===
The following focuses are more useful when at peace:

* Carousing focus: "Invite to Carousing" requires peace.
* Theology focus: "Go on a Pilgrimage" (Christian/Dharmic) requires peace.
* Hunting focus: "Hold a Grand Hunt" requires peace. The demesne levy boost is useful before war, but less so during war.
* War focus: "Challenge to Duel" requires peace.

Furthermore, some focuses are less useful if you plan to lead troops:

* Business focus: most events won't fire while leading troops
* Seduction focus: targeted seduction tombola is skipped if leading troops
* War focus: training events (MTTH) won't fire while leading troops
* Family focus: events to improve relations won't fire while leading troops

Consider not only whether you plan to initiate a war, but also whether you are likely to be pulled into one:

* Your [[factions]] are likely to rebel
* Your provinces are likely to [[revolt]], especially with dangerous religious or liberation revolts
* Your [[alliances|allies]] are subject to faction rebellion
* Your allies are likely to go to war ''and request help''. They will request help until combined strength is 1.5 times the enemy's. <!-- DESIRED_ALLIANCE_MULTIPLIER_STRENGTH_IN_WARS = 1.5 -->

==See also==
*[[Objective modding]]

[[Category:角色]]
[[Category:Lists]]
{{CharactersNavbox}}